Lathe chuck



Feb? 20, 1923,

- LATHE CHUCK Filed. May 28, 1921- v.Em 164 intestine` Fee. ae, 19523.

j JOHN J'. THAHER, OF vYNETH;ERSFIELD,

. Lari-1n A /pplicaton filed May` 28,

To all 'whom/t may concern."

Be it known that I, JOHN J. THACHER, a

citizen of thejUnite'd States, residing at Vether'sield, inthe vcounty of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements. in Lathe Chucks, of whichthev follo'wingis a, speciication. 4 i Y, j, .I j l' This invention lrelatesto chucks and par. ticularly toa',v .vorkfdriving chuck for use on automatic, lathes. l f It is an object of the invention'to provide an ir'nprovc-J/d'chucko'f` the above type which is of .very compact construction, strongA and rigid in operation 'and easily mafmifacturedl and. assembled. l j y Another object of the invention is `to, proi vide a chuck comprisinga plurality of read-vr 1 ily interchangeable parts including aI plurality of `work engaging jaws -of simple des1gn easy to` manufacture and assemble and which 'in the -drivingoperation are backed up rigidly by a solid portion of the chuck.

Another object of the invention is to pro- .rvide a work driving vchuck whichmay be y readily adjusted to adapt the same for `use on work piecesv of different diameters. j

,A furtherobject of thel invention is to provide an improved work driving chuck of lthe above type comprising"v apluralityof work drivingjawsl floatingly mounted on.. the chuck in a manner adapting -the same tdreadily grip vand drive the-work even though thelatter is somewhat irregular in form, the jaws and floating portion of the chuck however being permitted to float only during the work gripping action., such parts being' centered with .the ,chuck and held so centered when the jaws are either yin an ope-n or a closed position. .j A lWith these and other ob-jects in view, my invention consists in the featuresl of construction. and operation set forth in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawing. In such drawing annexed hereto and forming a part of this specification, 'I have shown one `embodiment of Vmy invention but it. will be understood that the invention can be otherwise embodied and-that the drawing is `not to be construedas defining or limiting the scope ofthe invention, the claims appended to this specification being relied upon for that purpose. A w

i l fF;

imams j j coNNEoTIcuT.- Assrslvon rormi'r'ra WHITNEYCOMPANY, or new Yoni 1v. Y., A CORPORATION orjlvnvv; JERSEY.

encon.

1921. serial No. 473,373.`

'In the drawing:

tion, vsuch view beingtaken on 'line 1"-,1' of Fig. 2..'

Fig. 2 is al front kelevationk of the chuck, the coverplate being removed. n Fig-.j 3 a? transverse sectional view thereof taken Online 3 3 of Fig. 1.

f Fig. 4 isa longitudinal sectional of I v Fig.` 8 isy al rearperspective lvieiaof the Figure vl l,is a longitudinal sectional viiew of a chuck `comprising the present inven# 6 is a `rear perspectiveview ofthe work driving jaws and the driving member.. 1

therefor, Vsuch member4 'being adaptedj to be driven bythe main driving member. j'

Fig. 9 is a front perspective viewy of the rear body portion ofthe chuck. y F ig.'l0 is a rear perspective view of the chuck coverplate.

Theinventlon', in av broad aspect, com jv prises a work. 'driving'v ch'uck" combining means for supporting andrigidlylbacking up aplurality of workengaging and drivT lng jaws,` means yfor "drivmg the jaws, means normally holding the jaws in aclose'd work grippingposition and means forjopening the'4 jaws against the action` of. thelast .mentioned means during the rotation ofthe chuck. `As*.illustrated in the drawing, theinventionalso comprisesmeans whereby the'. radiall position of thevjaws in the chuck;mayr

be'fvaried. to .adapt the same for operation onwork pieces of-varying diameters. From the drawing and description' herein, it will be obvious that the several parts comprising the chuck are simple and easy.tolmanufac-y ture, also 4that the jawsnnd otherworking parts may be readily :interchanged and the .Y 10o chuck assembled or disassembled witlrearse. The details illustrat of the, invention 'will now be described. Y

.In lthe drawing, I illustrated" my j inf-l Y A vention in connection-.with the'live spindle l ofa lathe, theforward end ofthe spindle being reduced andthreaded at2 to receive` the sleeve-,like body `portion 3 ofthe main chuck drivingmembelysaV 'A- plateflike elefment 5, shown in Fig. 9, is mounted on the member 4, the anged head 6 of the member 4 resting within a recess 7 in the element 5. rlhe member 4 is formed with three project-ions 8, each provided with a recess 9 therein. Three studs 10, pinned in the element 5 by means of pins 10, engage within the said recesses 9 as illustrated in Fig. 3. The studs 10 do not extend quite to the bottoms of the recesses 9 whereby the element 5, supported on the studs 10, has a slight radial looseness or iioating action on the member 4. Each stud 10 is beveled at @c and y to engage the end walls x and y respectively of its recess 9. By this construction, the element 5 has a floating action when the studs are intermediate the end walls of the recesses, but when the studs engage either of such walls, the chuck being in rotation, the element 5 is automatically centered and held against radial movement on the main member 4. It will be understood that the beveled surfaces a', and y, y act on the three .st-uds 10 to center and hold the element 5 in the manner of a threepoint support. The garticular advantages of this construction will be hereinafter described.

A. plurality of work driving jaws 11 are each pinned at 12 to a link or iever.18 each in turn pivoted on a pin 14 secured in the element 5. rlhe jaws are each provided with an arcuate rear end 15 and an eccentric work engaging forward end 16. The rear end 15 of each jaw is adapted to seat in a recess 17 illustrated as providedin a sepa rate ring element 18 in the chuck, a plurality of such recesses preferably being provided as hereinafter described.

The jaw driving element 19, illustrated in Fig. 8, comprises a ring shaped member provided with three projections 2() adapted to seat on the member 4 loosely between projections 8 and to be driven thereby. Three pins 21 seated in element 19 are each adapted to engage a longitudinal slot 22 in the jaw 11 whereby the jaws are driven in the work driving operation. Three pins seated radially in element 19 are connected by springs 24 'to one end of links rl`he function of these springs is two-fold. Such springs operate to rotate the links or levers 3 about their pivots14'in a manner to normally hold the jaws 11 seated in their re'- cesses 17.. The springs also tend to rotate element 5 relativel to element 19 in a manner to normally hold the studs 10 the ends of the recesses 9, wherein the jaws' 11 are held in a closed work-gripping position. Referring to Fig. 2', it will be seen that the springs 24 tend to rotate element 19 to the right and element 5 to the left. However, the element 19 being anchored and element 5 beingfree for a limited ro tation, the element 5 and the outer ends of vsapport-ing` member 4.

the jaws will be rotated to the left and kmove the jaws about pins 21 and the high portions i of the jaws toward the center of the chuck and the ends 1G thereof into gripping engagement with the work.

As above stated, the ring` element 18 is illustrated as provided with a plurality of recesses 17 therein. A series of such re# cesses of progressively increasing depth is provided adjacent each jaw which jaw is adapted to be seated in any one of such recesses and in operation to pivot therein as a fulcrum. In Fig. 2 the jawsl are illustrated as seated in the deepest recesses and the chuck thereby adapted to operate on the maximum sized work. The index marks J5, if, g-, 1, 1f von the ring indicate the sizes of the work which may be driven and correspond to a like number of notches 25 in the ring which notches are adapted to be engaged by a latch 26 mounted in and normally spring pressed outwardly from the element 5. v As will be understood, the jaws of the chuck may be quickly set to operate on work of any size, within the range indicated by the scale, merely by pressing the latch inwardly and rotating the ring to place the jaws in the proper recesses. The latch locks the parts in any of the adjusted positions. An index mark 27 on a cover plate 28 is adapted `to register with any of the index marks of the scale to indicate the setting of the jaws.

The cover plate 28 is held in position by a plurality of pins 29 therein extending into holes 29a and engaged by transverse securing 'screws 30 extending radially into the element 5. A plurality of .spacingpins 31 seated in element 19 hold the cover plate in spaced relation to the jaws. Radial sockets 32 in the chuck are adapted to rc-` ceive a tool forrenioving the chuck from the spindle 1.

As stated above, the element 5, in the mid position illustrated in Fig. 3, is free for a limited radial or floating` movement on the A The ring 18 which backs up the jaws 11 is mounted onr and moved with the element 5. This construction permits the aws to adjust themselves to the work even though the latter is not exactly concentric to the center 83 on' the spindle 1. llihen the jaws are not engaged with piece of work or when work is bein inserted into the chuck, it is desirable that the floating member and jaws be held in concentric or centered position in Ythel chuck. When the parts 4 and 5 are in either of their extreme relative positions (with studs 10 at ai or yf) such parts andthe jaws 11 are centered and held secured in such position. With the studs 1() at m', the jaws are. in the closed position and with the studs at y the jaws are in 'an'v open position. 1t will be understood that with this construction these'parts are held in a cenwobbling.

tral position when the jaws are open or closed, such parts being permitted to float only in the intermediate position when a piece of work is being ,f ripped` Such construction prevents wobbling of the chuck when the jaws are wide open and work is being fed thereinto and should the machine for some reason fail to -feed ablank into the chuck, the jaws will move to the eX- treme closed position and the chuck will center itself and run true without any In operation the chuck rotates in the direction of the curved arrow shown in F ig.

2. The jaws-ll are normally held closed or in driving Contact with the work` by the springs 24 as has been described. The driving power from the: spindlel-to the jaws 11 is through the member 4, j awl driving member 19 and pins 2l. `The means for opening the jaws l1 and the operation thereof will'now be described. j .Y v

` Upon the inner side ofthe element 5 are two projections or lugsv 34,l and these projections present av convenientvmeans tofbe engaged by a suitable intermittently operable device for arresting the turning of the said element V5 with the jaw drivingmember 19,'and when thisoccurs the jaws ll through the intermediate parts 4will be openedv against the action of the springs 24. There are, of course, other ways in which the motion-of the element 5 with respect to the jaw driving member might be arrested but' thesaid projections in connection with a cooperating' member which I, will hereinafter describe answer satisfactorily in this respect. Y i

Loosely mounted on, the forward portion of the spindle 1 is a sleeve 35 providedlat its forward end with an inner flange 36. Encircling and slidable on said sleevejis a ring 37 and between said ring and iiange 36 isa body 38 of suitable frictional material, such as leather, the ring 37, frictional material' 38 and flange -36 being' pressed to-` gether by one or more springs 39, seated in sockets 40 in said Y ring 37 and Abearing against the bottoms of the socketsand also against a disk 4l surrounding` the sleeve 35. The disk 4l is provided with one-.or more guide pins 42 which'iit in lbores in thering 37 to prevent.turning` of the disc and ring. Nonrotatably fitting-` the said sleeve is .a collar 43 and between said collar and disk 4l is a body 44 of'frictional material.' 0n the front face of the flange 36 are projections 45 cooperating with the projections 34. The two sets of projections are shown out of contact` in Fig. l, but it will be evident that when the projections 45 are moved into the path of the projections 34, the motion lof the element 5 will be arrested when the projections 34 engage the projections leverand while it may be either operated byy hand or automatically, it will .in the case of` a lathe ybe operated automatically.

The lever v46 is connected at 47 with the ring 37. j It will be apparent that when the v lever is swung to the right, Fig. l, the jaws 11 will-be opened through the-agency of the intermediate parts, while the opposite niol tion offthesaidlever will release thejaws so that they can be closed bythe power of the springs 24. l y

It will beievident that I provide in :effect two members and interposed friction .means f between the! two and` thaty one of, these memf f bers .turns Awith respect to thel other. 'The ring 37 and disk 41 constitute togetherone of saidk members, while -theother is composed-of the sleeve 35 andthe .collar 43,`the

sleeve 35 andthecollar 43 beingl ,turnable f with respect to :said 4ring 37 and disk 4l.

The `frictional resistancerexerted bythe two washers 38 and 44 is greaterthan thev force ofthe springs 424 so that' when the projections 45arres`t the projections 34 inthe manu ner already de'scrilo'ed,the jaws will be fully opened, but when said jaws have beenopened to their maximum extent and when Athe studs 10 have encountered` the end walls 1/ jof-the recesses 9, the. sleeveg35and collar 43 will slide on the leather washers 38 and 44 and thereafter turn Iwith respect to the ring 37 and disk 4l, thejawsll. remaining open. I stant the projections 45 are moved out of jawsf'll will beautomaticallyjclosed by the springs`i24. .f U i.

wharf ennuis:

It will be understoodtliaty the in-' engagement with the projections .34,l the.

ico

A work r driving chuck rcveoinpri-sin'gl the l 'i combination vof a plurality of. work engaging'jaws, an element adapted to engage the jaws so thatv they may.befoscillatedabout f iio substantially their end surfaces as a fulcrum, a driving element, and lmeans operatively j connecth1g the driving elem to drive the same. i,

2. A, work ldriving chuck -comprising the combinationk of a pluralityof work engagent to `thel jaws ing aws, anelement adapted to engage the i end -surfacesof `thejaws so that they may beA oscillated abouttheirjend surfaces as a fulcrum, aydriving element, andmeans operativelyconnecting-,the driving. element to the jaws to drive the same.

3. A work driving chuck `comprising th combination of a plurality of work engaging jaws, an element adapted yto engagethe n jaws so vthat they `may be oscillated about substantially their end surfaces as a ful` crum, `a driving element engaging- ,an

`intermediate lportion eachA of said iso jaws, and means operatively connecting the driving element to the jaws to drive the same.

li. A. work driving chuck comprising. the combination ot a plurality oi work engaging ja vs, an element having a recess therein adjacent each jaw, the jaws being adapted to seat in the said recessesand each in opera tion to pivot in its recess as a t'ulcrum,v a driving element, and means operatively connecting the driving` elementto the jaws to drive the same. y

5. A work driving chuck comprisingr the combination ot a plurality or' work engaging jaws, an element having recess therein adjacent each jaw, the jaws being adapted to seat in the said recesses and each in operation to pivot in its recess as itulcruni, and a driving element relatively rotatable within the first named element and operatively connecte-d to the ,jaws to drive the same.

6.1i work driving chuck comprising the combination ot a plurality oit work engaging aws, an element having a recess therein adjacent each jaw, the jaws being adapted to seat in the said recesses and each in operation to pivot in its recess as a ulcrum, a driving element relatively rotatable within the first named element, and lugs on the driving element engaging slots in the jaws for driving the same.

'7. A work driving chuck comprising the combination of a plurality ot lwork engaging jaws, an element having ya recess therein adjacent each jaw, the jaws being adapted to seat in the said recesses and each in operation to pivot in its recess as a ulcrum, means no 1mally keeping the jaws in a closed work gripping position, a driving element, and means operatively connecting the driving element to the jaws to drive the same.

8. A work driving chuck comprising the combination of a plurality of work engaging jaws, an element having a recess therein adjacent each jaw, the jaws being adapted to seat in the said recesses and each in operation to pivot inits recess as a tulcrum, means normally keeping the aws in a closed work gripping position, means for opening the' jaws against the action oit ,the last mentioned .ieans during therotation of the chuck, and means operatively connecting the driving element to the jaws to drive the same.

9, A' work driving chuck comprising the combination offra driving member, a plurality of work engaging aws, means ioatingly mounted on the driving memberl and havin-g a recess therein adjacent each jaw, the jaws being adapted to seat in the said recesses and each in operationto pivot in its recessas a iiulcrum7 means normally keeping the jaws in `a closed `work grippingposition, and means tor opening the jaws against the action ot the last mentioned means during the rotationof the chuck.

l0.A A work driving chuck comprising the combination oi a driving member, a plurality of work engaging jaws, means nor mally keeping the jaws in a closed work gripping position, means for opening the jaws against thev action o't' the last mentioned means during the rotation of the chuck, and means holding the jaws centered relative to the chuck when the jaws are in either a closed or an open position but permitting the jaws to have a slight radial iioating action when the jaws are in an intermediate position.

l1. A work driving chuck comprising the combination oit' a driving member, a plurality of work engaging jaws, means mounted on the driving member and having a recess therein adjacent each aw, the jaws being adapted to seat in the said recesses and each in operation to pivot 'in its recess as a iulcrum, means normally keeping the jaws in a closed work gripping position, and means for opening the aws against the ac tion of the last mentioned means during the rotation of the chuck, the first named means being mounted to permit the jaws to have a floating action when the jaws are between the open and closed position and being adapted to center the jaws as the same move into the open or closed positions from an intermediate position.

l2. A work driving chuck comprising the combination of a plurality ot radially disposed work engaging jaws, an element adapted toengage jawsA so that they may be oscillatcdv about substantially their end surfaces as a ulcrum, means to adjust the radial positions of said jaws, a driving element, and means operatively connecting the driving element to the to drive the same. v

13. A work driving chuck comprising the combination ot a plurality of radially disposed work engagingjaws, an element adapted to engage the end surfaces of the jaws so that they may be oscillated about their end surfacesv as a fulcrum, means to adjust the radial positions ot said jaws, a driving element, and means operatively connecting the driving element to they jaws to drive the same. v

le. A work driving chuck comprising the combination of a plurality of work engag ing jaws. element having the jaws mounted thereon, an element having a plurality of recesses of varying depth adjacent llO each jaw, each jaw being adapted to be seated in any one of the said recesses adja cent thereto and in operation to pivot in such recess as a. tulcrum, and an elementl operatively connected to the jaws to drive the same.

l5. A work dri-ving chuck comprising the combinationvot a pluralityo't work engaging j jaws, an element having the j awsriiounte thereon, an element having a plurality of recesses of varying depth adjacent each jaw', each jaw being adapted to beV seated in any one of the,y said recesses adjacent thereto and in operation to pivot in such recess as a fulcrum, an element operatively connected to the jaws to drivethe same, and means for adjustably securing the lfirst an'd'second elements against relative rotationwith the jaws seated'in any of fthe saidrecesses. i

16. A work driving chuck comprising the combination of a body portion, a plurality of work engaging jaws on the body portion', and a ring surroundingthe body portion and provided with a plurality of recesses of varying dept-h adjacent eachjaw, each jaw l Y of Vwork engaging jaws on the body portion,

being adapted to be seated in anyone of the said recesses adjacent thereto and in opera# tion to pivot in such recesses as a fulcrum.

y 17. Av work driving chuck comprising the combination of a body portion, a plurality a ring surrounding the body portion and provided with a plurality of recesses of. varying depth adjacent each jaw, each'jaw beingl adapted to be seated'infanyv one of the said recesses adjacent thereto and injoperation to .pivot in such recess as a fulcrum, andmeans for adjustably securingthe ring andbody portion against relative rotation with the jaws seated in any of the said recesses.

18. A work drivingchuck comprising the combination of a body portion, a plurality of work engaging jaws on the body portion, and a ring surrounding the body portion and providedwith a plurality of recesses of varying depth adjacent each jaw, each jaw being yadapted to befreely seated in any one of the said recesses adjacent thereto'v and to pivot in such recess vand have backing against the wall of the recess in the-work driving operation. l f,

19. A work driving chuck comprising the combination of a bodyl portion, a plurality of work engaging jaws on thebody portion, a ring surrounding the body portion and provided with a plurality of recesses of varying depth adjacent each jaw, each jaw being adapted to be freely seated in any one of the said recesses adjacent thereto and to pivot in such recess'and have backing against thev wall of the` recess in the work driving operation, and means normally keeping the jaws' seated in their respective recesses. f

20. A work driving chuck comprising combination of a body portion, a plurality of work engaging jaws on the bodyportion, a ring surrounding the vbodyl portion and provided with a plurality of recesses of varying depth adjacent each jaw, each jaw being adapted to be freely seated in any one of the said recesses adjacent thereto and to pivot in such recess and have backing against the wall of the recess in the work driving operathetion, spring means operatively connected' toL `the jaws and adapted to normally keep the,I

jaws seated: in their 'respective'recessea and g means forv adjustably securing-the ring and body portion against relative 4rotationyvith the jawsseatedin any of the said recesses.v

2l. A workdriving 'chuck comprising-"they` combination vof a body portion, a'plurality of workengaging jaws onthe body portion,

a ring surrounding the body portionand providedwith afpluralityof recesses of vary- :ing ydepth adjacent each jaw, each'jawfbeing recesses* adjacent thereto vand inroperation to pivot 1n such recessas a fulcrurna`nd 'adapted lto'be seated in anyone of the said l.

means yin the body portion operatively con-` 5 nected to 4thejaws 'for driving the saine! in varying depth adjacent each -jaw-,'leachI 'jawr I A'90 being adapted to b'eseated in any one of the said recesses adjacent thereto and in opera# tion to pivot in, such recess as a i'ulcrurm means for 'holding Ithe jaws in'their respettive recesses, and means relatively rotatable within the body "portion and operatiif'ely connected to the `jaws for driving'thezsame in operation.' j

combination 0f a plurality of work engaging jaws, ani 'elementi having the jaws mounted tliere'oinanelement having' applurality-of recesses offvary'ing depth yadjacent each jaw, each jaw being adapted "to'be seated in any one of the said'recesses adjacentthereto and in operation to pivot-in keepingthejaws in a "closed work gripping position,` means for opening Ifthe "jaws against the' action of the last `mentioned means during the rotation of the chuck, and

23. A work drivingchuck comprising the i drive the'same, and-spring means operative between the jaws and the last namedl-elev ment fornormally keeping thejawsl seated in their respectivel recesses.

25. `A work driving chuck comprising the` j combination of a plurality of work engaging jaws, 1an elementhaving the jaws mountedthereon, an element having a plu?` '1.05 such recess asa fulcrum, means normally y combination of .a plurality o' work engaging jaws, an element having the jaws mounted thereon, an element having a vplurality et recesses ot varying depth adjacent each jaw, each jaw being adapted to be -freely seated 'in any one et' the said cesses adjacent thereto and in operation to pivot in such recess as a tulcrum, an element operatively connected to the jaws to drive the same, and spring means for normally keeping the aws seated in their respective recesses and in a closed work gripping position. i

27. i work driving chuck comprising the combination oit a plurality ot work engaging jaws, an element having the jaws mounted thereon, an element having a plurality oil recesses ot varying depth adjacent each jaw, each jaw being adapted to be freely seated in any one of the said recesses adjacent thereto and in operation to pivot in such recess as a fulerum, an element operatively connected 'to the jaws to drive the same, and spring means operative between the jaws and the last named element -tor normally keeping the jaws seated in their respective recesses and in a closed work gripping position.

28. A work drlving chuck comprising` the combination of a driving member, a plurality of work engaging jaws, means mounted on the driving member and operatively connected to the jaws, means 'for setting the jaws in any oneo'f aplurality ,oi definite positions radially of the chuck whereby to adapt the same to operate on work pieces ot different diameters, means normally closing the jaws, and means for opening the jaws against the action ot' the last mentioned means during the rotation ot' the chuck.

29. A work driving chuck comprising the combination of a driving member, a plurality of work engaging aws, means floatingly mounted on the driving member and operatively connected to the said jaws, means tor setting the jaws in any one of a plurality .of deiinitepositions radially or lthe chuck whereby to adapt the saine to operate on work pieces of different diameters, means normally closing the jaws, and means ior opening the jaws against the action of the last mentioned means during the rotation of the chuck.

30. A work driving chuck comprising the combination ot a driving member, a plurality of work engaging aws, means mounted on the driving member and operatively conneeted tothe jaws, means tor setting the jaws in anyone ot a plurality of definite positions radially of the chuck whereby to adapt the same to operate on work pieces of different diameters, means normally closing the jaws, means for opening 'the jaws against the action of the last mentioned means during the rotation. of theV chuck, and means holding the jaws centered relative to the chuck when the jaws are in either a closed or an open position but permitting the jaws to have a slight radial floating' action when the jaws are in an intermediate position. f

3l. A work driving chuck comprising` the combination of a driving member, a plurality oi' workengaging jaws, means mounted on the'driving member and operatively connected to the jaws, means ttor setting the jaws in any one of a plurality of definite positions radially of the chuck whereby to adapt thesame to operate on work pieces of different diameters, means normally closing the jaws, means or'op'ening the jaws against the action of the last named means during the rotation of the chuck, and means permitting the first named means and` jaws to have a floating action when the jaws are between the open and closed position and being adapted to center the aws as the same move into the open orclosed positions from an intermediate position.

In testimony whereof, l hereto my signature.

JOHN J. THAGHER. 

